The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 8 letter word AGRONOMY
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Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "rural economy" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case rural economy = agronomy.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does AGRONOMY mean?
AGRONOMY noun- The science of utilizing plants, animals and soils for food, fuel, feed, and fiber and more. To do this effectively and sustainably, agronomy encompasses work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, animal sciences and soil science.