The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 3 plus 4 letter word BIG GUNS
I've seen this crossword clue in The Daily Telegraph
B
I
G
G
U
N
S
More clues leading to the result BIG GUNS
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "Artillery/brass hats" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case artillery/brass hats = big guns.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.