The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 8 letter word BERIBERI
I've seen this crossword clue in The Daily Telegraph
B
E
R
I
B
E
R
I
More clues leading to the result BERIBERI
- Dig in remains of fruit said to bring disease
- Drink one to limit bone disease
- Sources of vitamin administered orally for tropical disease
- Disease of fruit, we hear, being duplicated
- Cookery expert twice reported nasty disease
- Sickness of one supporting kid in ale
- Mounting anger down to bribe possibly, it's a sickening disease
- Bishop with recurrent anger repeated complaint
- Josh bores porter perhaps with single complaint
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "Disease" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case disease = beriberi.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does BERIBERI mean?
BERIBERI noun- An ailment caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), leading to lethargy and organ complications.