The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 9 letter word RECUSANTS
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The straight part
We know that "Dissenters" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case dissenters = recusants.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does RECUSANTS mean?
RECUSANTS noun- Someone refusing to attend Church of England services, between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
- Anyone refusing to submit to authority or regulation.