The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 4 plus 9 letter word FIVE FARTHINGS
I've seen this crossword clue in The Guardian
F
I
V
E
F
A
R
T
H
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S
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "our debt, according to the 26 of 9 1 across" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case our debt, according to the 26 of 9 1 across = five farthings.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.