The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 6 letter word SEAWAY
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More clues leading to the result SEAWAY
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "vessel’s progress" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case vessel’s progress = seaway.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does SEAWAY mean?
SEAWAY noun- A lane or route at sea that is regularly used by ships; a sea lane or trade route
- An inland waterway used by seagoing shipping
- The headway of a vessel