The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 16 letter word MILESÂ PERÂ GALLON
I've seen this crossword clue in The Guardian
M
I
L
E
S
Â
P
E
R
Â
G
A
L
L
O
N
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "Economy measure" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case economy measure = miles per gallon.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.