The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 4 plus 2 plus 6 letter word BILL OF HEALTH
I've seen this crossword clue in The Guardian
B
I
L
L
O
F
H
E
A
L
T
H
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "proof of fitness" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case proof of fitness = bill of health.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.