The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 6 letter word YEASTY
I've seen this crossword clue in The Daily Telegraph
Y
E
A
S
T
Y
More clues leading to the result YEASTY
- Looking down on good guy, Yankee is indeed in a ferment
- Turbulent, indeed, and corrupt place
- Frothy bridge player boring a pair of Yankees
- Certainly, pen is insubstantial
- Giving rise to food and drink
- Spirited point in wise broadcast?
- Rum, say, yet bubbly
- Indeed pig pen’s restless and turbulent
- Indeed, once pig pen could be characterised by upheaval
- Old agreed on dirty place being in a ferment
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "in a ferment" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case in a ferment = yeasty.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does YEASTY mean?
YEASTY adjective- Having or resembling yeast.
- Foamy and frothy.
- Emotionally bubbling over (as with exuberance)
- Trivial.