The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 8 letter word ALVEOLAR
A
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Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "of tiny parts of lungs" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case of tiny parts of lungs = alveolar.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does ALVEOLAR mean?
ALVEOLAR noun- An alveolar consonant
- Of or relating to an alveolus.
- Relating to the jaw ridge containing the tooth sockets.
- Relating to the alveoli (small air sacs) of the lungs.
- Formed with the tongue touching or approaching the inner ridge of the gums of the upper front teeth.