The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 6 plus 4 letter word VERBAL NOUN
I've seen this crossword clue in The Times
V
E
R
B
A
L
N
O
U
N
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "Part of speech" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case part of speech = verbal noun.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.