The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 9 letter word OVERTAKES
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More clues leading to the result OVERTAKES
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "Passes" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case passes = overtakes.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does OVERTAKES mean?
OVERTAKES verb- To pass a more slowly moving object or entity.
- To become greater than something else
- To occur unexpectedly; take by surprise; surprise and overcome; carry away