The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 11 letter word THEOLOGIANS
I've seen this crossword clue in The Sunday Telegraph
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Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "Scholars working religiously" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case scholars working religiously = theologians.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does THEOLOGIANS mean?
THEOLOGIANS noun- One who studies theology.
- In Roman Catholic usage, a theological lecturer attached to a cathedral church.