The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 11 letter word INOCULATION
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The cryptic/wordplay part
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What does INOCULATION mean?
INOCULATION noun- The introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease.
- The introduction of a microorganism into a culture medium.
- The insertion of the buds of one plant into another; grafting.
- An inoculum; that which is inoculated.