The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 8 letter word SYNAPTIC
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Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "of neural transmission" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case of neural transmission = synaptic.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does SYNAPTIC mean?
SYNAPTIC adjective- Of or relating to a synapse—the junction between the terminal of a neuron and another cell.
- Of or relating to a synapsis—the association of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes during the initial part of meiosis.