The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 9 plus 6 letter word POLITICAL ASYLUM
I've seen this crossword clue in Independent
P
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L
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T
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A
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More clues leading to the result POLITICAL ASYLUM
- Right to escape the Westminster madhouse?
- Prudent, like extremely savvy Scottish smoker, securing permission to stay
- Might dissidents seek this erstwhile home for the loony left?
- Refuge provided by Macau? Silly move after cutback, it appears
- State protection from capitalism? You’ll go nuts!
- What Edward Snowden got, but Mehran Karimi Nasseri didn't
- Sort of prisoner left us: may travel for safety abroad
Buddy explains!

The straight part
We know that "State protection" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case state protection = political asylum.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.