The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 8 letter word UNRIGGED
U
N
R
I
G
G
E
D
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "Stripped in a way" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case stripped in a way = unrigged.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
What does UNRIGGED mean?
UNRIGGED adjective- Not rigged; not having the rigging up.