The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 6 letter word SAYYID
I've seen this crossword clue in The Guardian
S
A
Y
Y
I
D
More clues leading to the result SAYYID
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "descendant of Fatima /descendant of Fatima" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case descendant of fatima /descendant of fatima = sayyid.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.