The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 10 letter word XANTHOMATA
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The straight part
We know that "Yellow growths" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case yellow growths = xanthomata.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.
Crossword Answer definitions
XANTHOMATA noun- A small, yellow nodule, rich in cholesterol and other lipids, that occurs in the skin, often near a joint