The most common and most likely answer to this crossword clue is the 10 letter word LIP-READER
I've seen this crossword clue in Financial Times
L
I
P
-
R
E
A
D
E
R
Buddy explains!
The straight part
We know that "who can understand speech" is the straight/definition part of the clue. The straight part is often a synonym or definition, in this case who can understand speech = lip-reader.The cryptic/wordplay part
In cryptic crossword there's often an wordplay/cryptic part as well.This part involves a more complex hint, such as an anagram, homophone, hidden word, etc.
Sadly, We don't have an explanation for this specific crossword clue yet.